Text: 1
Title of the text: Reproductive Health : Teen Pregnancy
Author/s: CDC
Title of Journal/Publication: CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
URL/Web Address: https://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/index.htm
Main Idea: Teen pregnancy and childbearing bring substantial social and economic costs through immediate and long-term impacts on teen parents and their children.
Evidences that support/s the main idea( at least two)
✔️ Based teen pregnancy prevention programs have been identified by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) TPP Evidence Review External, which used a systematic process for reviewing evaluation studies against a rigorous standard. Currently, the Evidence Review covers a variety of diverse programs, including sexuality education programs, youth development programs, abstinence education programs, clinic-based programs, and programs specifically designed for diverse populations and settings.
✔️ In addition to evidence-based prevention programs, teens need access to youth-friendly contraceptive and reproductive health services and support from parents and other trusted adults, who can play an important role in helping teens make healthy choices about relationships, sex, and birth control. Efforts at the community level that address social and economic factors associated with teen pregnancy also play a critical role in addressing racial/ethnic and geographical disparities.
Text: 2
Title of the text: Teenage pregnancy sees Philippine population growth outstrip projections
Author/s: M G MARTIN
Title of Journal Publication: PLN Philippines Lifestyle News
URL/Web Address: https://philippineslifestyle.com/population-growth-philippines/?
Main Idea: The population of the Philippines has reached 106.2 million, making it the 13th most populous country in the world, the Commission on Population has announced. A statement posted on the commission’s website today (Friday, July 27) also predicted that the population
Evidences that support/s the main idea(at least two)
✔️Juan Antonio Perez, POPCOM’s executive director, said: “Based on the population projections, the Philippine population will increase by 1.8 million by the end of 2018, growing at a rate of 1.69 per cent. That means we will be adding 4,965 Filipinos per day, or 206 every hour in 2018.”
✔️However, the PSA said teenage pregnancy remains high with nine per cent of women aged 15-19 already becoming mothers.PSA data also state that there are more than 200,000 women who are pregnant with 130,000 minors giving birth every year and needing family planning and adolescent health services.
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Title of the text: The Impact of Teenage Pregnancy on Academic Performance of Grade 7 Learners at a School in the Zambezi Region
Author/s:Eugene L.Maemeko,David Nkengbeza,Traphinah M.Chokomosi
Title of the Journal/Publication: Scientific Research
An Academic Publisher
URL/ Web. Address: https://m.scirp.org/papers/87117
Main idea: Teenage pregnancy is a serious issue that may negatively impact the future of a girl child. TA and TB responded that teens usually lack skills needed to handle their pregnancy and motherhood.On the establishment of addressing teenage pregnancy among learners TA noted that, a life skill teacher should have sex talks (sex education) with learners.
Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two):
✔️The Namibia Demographic Survey in 2013 revealed that about one out of five teenagers aged 15 to 19 were either pregnant or had given birth. The United Nations report for the same year believes that about 127 girls get pregnant every day in Namibia.
✔️Recent studies have investigated the degree to which pregnancy related school dropout was a major cause of gender differences in educational attainment . The aim of this study was to find out the impact of teenage pregnancy on the academic performance of Grade 7 learners at a school in the Zambezi Region of Namibia.
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Title of the text: The First Teenage Pregnancy in the Family: Does It Affect Mothers’ Parenting, Attitudes, or Mother-Adolescent Communication?
Author/s: Patricia L. East
Title of the Journal/Publication: HHS Author Manuscript
URL or Web.Address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3657836/
Main Idea: Families in which teenagers bear children have historically been characterized by grand parental childbearing systems, wherein the adolescents mother typically provides the primary hands-on care for the teens child.It is also conceivable, however, that because of the older daughter's early pregnancy or birth, mothers might be even more rigorous in monitoring their other children.
Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two)
✔️The study presented here sought to identify the effects of adolescent pregnancy and childbearing on the teens' family of origin by examining changes across time in mothers’ parenting within families in which there was either a pregnant teenager or a parenting teenager.
✔️Respondents were 189 mothers who were recruited to participate in a study on the consequences of a teenager's pregnancy and childbearing for the family. Mothers were invited to participate only when the following eligibility criteria were met. They had a teenage daughter between the ages of 15–19 years who had never been pregnant, who was currently pregnant for the first time.
Text:5
Title of the text: One in ten young Filipino women age 15-19 has begun childbearing: 8 percent are already mothers and another 2 percent are pregnant with their first child according to the results of the 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS).
Author: (Sgd) Romeo S. Recide
Title of the Journal/Publication: Philippines Statistics and Authority
URL/Web. Address: https://psa.gov.ph/tags/teenage-pregnancy?fbclid=IwAR2K4FI6T14YaHSyNBrt3nwarnFapJlMrPehRKl7q8bkgaCAKw0Kfjkuoi4
Main Idea: Early pregnancy and motherhood varies by education, wealth, quintile, and region. It is more common among young adult women age 15 to 24 with less education than among those with higher education. The proportion of young adult women who have begun childbearing is higher among those classified as belonging to poor households than those in wealthier households.
Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two):
✔️ The survey reveals that one in five (19 percent) young adult Filipino women age eighteen to twenty-four years had initiated their sexual activity before age eighteen.
✔️ It also reveals that 15 percent of young adult women age twenty to twenty-four had their first marriage or began living with their spouse by age 18.
✔️ While the older cohort of women (age group 40-49) had slightly higher proportion (17 percent), they had their first marriage at age eighteen.
✔️ 36 percent of young adult women in the lowest wealth quintile, compared with only 10 percent of those in the highest wealth quintile, had their first intimate sexual act before age 18.
Title of the Journal/Publication: HHS Author Manuscript URL or Web.Address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3657836/ Main Idea: Families in which teenagers bear children have historically been characterized by grand parental childbearing systems, wherein the adolescents mother typically provides the primary hands-on care for the teens child.It is also conceivable, however, that because of the older daughter's early pregnancy or birth, mothers might be even more rigorous in monitoring their other children. Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two)
✔️The study presented here sought to identify the effects of adolescent pregnancy and childbearing on the teens' family of origin by examining changes across time in mothers’ parenting within families in which there was either a pregnant teenager or a parenting teenager. ✔️Respondents were 189 mothers who were recruited to participate in a study on the consequences of a teenager's pregnancy and childbearing for the family. Mothers were invited to participate only when the following eligibility criteria were met. They had a teenage daughter between the ages of 15–19 years who had never been pregnant, who was currently pregnant for the first time.
Text:5
Main Idea: Early pregnancy and motherhood varies by education, wealth, quintile, and region. It is more common among young adult women age 15 to 24 with less education than among those with higher education. The proportion of young adult women who have begun childbearing is higher among those classified as belonging to poor households than those in wealthier households.
Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two):
✔️ The survey reveals that one in five (19 percent) young adult Filipino women age eighteen to twenty-four years had initiated their sexual activity before age eighteen.
✔️ It also reveals that 15 percent of young adult women age twenty to twenty-four had their first marriage or began living with their spouse by age 18.
✔️ While the older cohort of women (age group 40-49) had slightly higher proportion (17 percent), they had their first marriage at age eighteen.
✔️ 36 percent of young adult women in the lowest wealth quintile, compared with only 10 percent of those in the highest wealth quintile, had their first intimate sexual act before age 18.
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Title of the Author: The Phenomenon of Teenage Pregnancy in the Philippines
Author/s: Jordan Tovera Salvador,Ben Ryan Jucay Sauce,Marc Oneel Castillo Alvarez,Ahrjaynes Balanag Rosario
Title of the Journal/Publication: European Scientific Journal
URL/ Web. Address: http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/8390
Main Idea: Teenage Pregnancy had been a worldwide issue,and has raised large numbers of campaigns and awareness to lessen its occurrence.Philippines is one of the Asian Countries which shares similar situation.
Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two)
✔️ In study conducted by the National Demographic and Health Survey in 2013,one out of every young Filipino women age fifteen to nineteen is already a mother or pregnant With a first child.
✔️ Philippines have the same predicament regarding teenage pregnancy,according to the ranking of the United Nation Population Fund Agency in 2012,the number of teenage pregnancies, aged 10-19 years old have increase 70% over the last ten years.
✔️ 14% of the teenage girls (15-19) were reported for the first time to be already mother or have several children in the 2014 survey of Young Adult fertility and sexuality as compared to the 8% of the 2002 survey (Au-Young,2014).
Title of the Author: The Phenomenon of Teenage Pregnancy in the Philippines
Title of the Journal/Publication: European Scientific Journal
URL/ Web. Address: http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/8390
Main Idea: Teenage Pregnancy had been a worldwide issue,and has raised large numbers of campaigns and awareness to lessen its occurrence.Philippines is one of the Asian Countries which shares similar situation.
Evidence/s that supports the main idea (at least two)
✔️ Philippines have the same predicament regarding teenage pregnancy,according to the ranking of the United Nation Population Fund Agency in 2012,the number of teenage pregnancies, aged 10-19 years old have increase 70% over the last ten years.
✔️ 14% of the teenage girls (15-19) were reported for the first time to be already mother or have several children in the 2014 survey of Young Adult fertility and sexuality as compared to the 8% of the 2002 survey (Au-Young,2014).
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Title of the text: Teenagers Say Depression and Anxiety are Major Issues among their Peers.
Author/s: Karen Zraick
Title of Journal/Publication: The New York Times
Main idea: Most American teenagers across demographic group see depression and anxiety as major problems among their peers, a new survey by the pew research center found.
Evidence that's the support main idea(at least two):
✔️ Half of the teenagers from household earning less than $30,000 said alcohol was the major problem; that number decreased to 43% among teenager in households earning more than $75,000
✔️ 55% of teenagers in lower income household said it was the major problem among their peers
Text: 8
Title of the text: Trump administration pushes abstinence in teen pregnancy programs
Author: Pam Belluck
Title of Journal/Publication: The New York times
Main Idea: The Trump administration has issued new rules for funding programs to prevent teenage pregnancy, favoring those that promote abstinence and not requiring as rigorous evidence of the effectiveness.
Evidence that’s support the main idea(at least two):
✔️ A 2007 study of four such federally funded programs, for example, found “not event a hint of an effect on sexual activity, pregnancy or anything,” Mr. Baron said. Still, the Obama administration’s menu of “evidence-based programs” included three abstinence programs.
✔️Last summer, the Health and Human Services Department told the 81 organizations that were receiving a total of $89 million a year from the agency that their five-year pregnancy prevention grants would end in June 2018, two years early.
Title of the text: Teenagers Say Depression and Anxiety are Major Issues among their Peers.
Title of the text: Trump administration pushes abstinence in teen pregnancy programs
Text: 9
Title of the text: Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing
Author/s: Department of Health and Human Services.
Title of the Journal/Publication: HHS.gov Office of Population Affairs
URL/Web. Address: https://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/adolescent-development/reproductive-health-and-teen-pregnancy/teen-pregnancy-and-childbearing/trends/index.html
Main Idea: In 2017, there were 18.8 births for every 1,000 adolescent females ages 15-19, or 194,377 babies born to females in this age group.1 Births to teens ages 15-19 account for 5.0 percent of all births in 2017.
Evidence/s that support/s the main idea (at least two):
✔️Nearly nine in ten (89.2 percent) of these births occurred outside of marriage.
✔️The teen birth rate has declined to a new low each year since 2009.
✔️Still, the teen birth rate in the United States remains higher than that in many other developed countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom.
Title of the text: Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing
✔️Nearly nine in ten (89.2 percent) of these births occurred outside of marriage.
✔️The teen birth rate has declined to a new low each year since 2009.
✔️Still, the teen birth rate in the United States remains higher than that in many other developed countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom.
Text: 10
Title of the text: Teenage Parents and Their Educational Attainment
Author/s: Arne Duncan, U.S. Secretary of Education
Title of the Journal/Publication: Texas Comprehensive Center
URL/Web. Address: http://www.sedl.org/txcc/resources/briefs/number5/
Main Idea: Becoming a parent, at any age, can be a life-altering experience. Regardless of race, education, and socio-economic status, motherhood—and fatherhood—uniformly places demands on one’s life that were non-existent prior to the birth of a child. When school-aged students become parents, the new responsibilities can be overwhelming.
Evidence/s that support/s the main idea(at least two):
✔️According to the latest available statistics, Texas has the highest teenage birth rate in the country, with 62 births per 1,000 women (Kost, Henshaw, & Carlin, 2010).
✔️ To find research on this topic, Texas Comprehensive Center staff searched two databases (ERIC and Education Full Text) and the Internet (using the Google search engine).
Title of the text: Teenage Parents and Their Educational Attainment
Author/s: Arne Duncan, U.S. Secretary of Education
Title of the Journal/Publication: Texas Comprehensive Center
URL/Web. Address: http://www.sedl.org/txcc/resources/briefs/number5/
Main Idea: Becoming a parent, at any age, can be a life-altering experience. Regardless of race, education, and socio-economic status, motherhood—and fatherhood—uniformly places demands on one’s life that were non-existent prior to the birth of a child. When school-aged students become parents, the new responsibilities can be overwhelming.
Evidence/s that support/s the main idea(at least two):
✔️According to the latest available statistics, Texas has the highest teenage birth rate in the country, with 62 births per 1,000 women (Kost, Henshaw, & Carlin, 2010).
✔️ To find research on this topic, Texas Comprehensive Center staff searched two databases (ERIC and Education Full Text) and the Internet (using the Google search engine).
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Title of the text: Teen pregnancy rate remains high in Yogyakarta
Author/s: Bambang Muryanto
Title of the Journal/Publication: TheJakartaPost
URL/Web. Address: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.thejakartapost.com/amp/news/2016/12/29/teen-pregnancy-rate-remains-high-in-yogyakarta.html
Main Idea: The number of adolescents giving birth following premarital sex in Yogyakarta has remained high, reaching at least 720 from January to November this year, data from an NGO concerned with sexual and reproductive rights showed.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️The director of the Yogyakarta chapter of the Indonesian Planned Parenthood Association (PKBI), Gama Triono, said that although the number of teen pregnancy cases might not be as high as in the previous year, 1,078, this year’s figure was alarming
✔️The data reveals that from 2013 to 2016 the average number of young pregnant women was 957 per year and the average number of young women giving birth was 79 per month
✔️The PKBI recorded hundreds of under-age marriages occurring in three regencies, namely Bantul, Gunungkidul and Sleman, in 2015.
✔️Research in 2010 showed that 70 percent of unmarried couples did not use any contraceptives when they engaged in their first sexual intercourse.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy in India
Author/s: Manas P Roy
Title of the Journal/Publication: thebmj
URL/Web. Address: https://www.bmj.com/content/357/bmj.j1309/rr
Main Idea: Over past decade, India has successfully reduced the proportion of pregnancy between 15-19 years to half.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️Still, the estimation by UNFPA runs to 11.8 million teenage pregnancy for the country.
✔️Through mass awareness and legislation, India tries to mitigate the burden of early marriage.
Title of the text: Teen pregnancy rate remains high in Yogyakarta
Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy in India
✔️Still, the estimation by UNFPA runs to 11.8 million teenage pregnancy for the country.
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Title of the text: Help Pregnant Teens know their Options: AAP Policy Explained
Author/s: American Academy of Pediatrics
Title of Journal/Publication: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
URL/Web Address: https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/dating-sex/Pages/Teenage-Pregnancy.aspx
Main Idea: Most teenagers who become pregnant decide to continue the pregnancy. It's important to connect them with early prenatal care and to encourage a healthy lifestyle—a well-balanced diet, daily exercise, and staying away from tobacco, alcohol, and drugs.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️Less than 40% of teenage girls who have a child before age 18 earn a high school diploma by age 22.
✔️Nearly 2/3 of teenage mothers receive public assistance, and their chances of living in poverty increase as they enter adulthood. Most teen moms receive no child support from their child's father.
Title of the text: Help Pregnant Teens know their Options: AAP Policy Explained
Author/s: American Academy of Pediatrics
Title of Journal/Publication: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
URL/Web Address: https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/dating-sex/Pages/Teenage-Pregnancy.aspx
Main Idea: Most teenagers who become pregnant decide to continue the pregnancy. It's important to connect them with early prenatal care and to encourage a healthy lifestyle—a well-balanced diet, daily exercise, and staying away from tobacco, alcohol, and drugs.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️Nearly 2/3 of teenage mothers receive public assistance, and their chances of living in poverty increase as they enter adulthood. Most teen moms receive no child support from their child's father.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy: The impact of maternal adolescent child bearing and older sister's on a younger sister.
Author/s: Elizabeth Wall- Wieler, Leslie L. Roos, and Nathan C. Nickel
Title of Journal/Publication: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
URL/Web. Address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880827/
Main Idea: The risks and realities associated with teenage motherhood are well documented, with consequences starting at childbirth and following both mother and child over the life span. Mothers and older sisters are the main sources of family influence on teenage pregnancy; this is due to both social risk and social influence.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️The rate differences of teenage pregnancy were similar for those whose older sister had a teenage pregnancy (40.4 per 100 - 10.3 per 100 = 30.1 per 100) and for those whose mother bore her first child before age 20 (39.4 per 100 - 13.1 per 100 = 26.3 per 100).
✔️The adjusted odds of becoming pregnant between ages 14 and 19 for teens with at least one older sister having a teenage pregnancy were 3.38 (99 % CI 2.77–4.13) times higher than for women whose older sister(s) did not have a teenage pregnancy.
Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy: The impact of maternal adolescent child bearing and older sister's on a younger sister.
Author/s: Elizabeth Wall- Wieler, Leslie L. Roos, and Nathan C. Nickel
Title of Journal/Publication: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
URL/Web. Address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880827/
Main Idea: The risks and realities associated with teenage motherhood are well documented, with consequences starting at childbirth and following both mother and child over the life span. Mothers and older sisters are the main sources of family influence on teenage pregnancy; this is due to both social risk and social influence.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️The adjusted odds of becoming pregnant between ages 14 and 19 for teens with at least one older sister having a teenage pregnancy were 3.38 (99 % CI 2.77–4.13) times higher than for women whose older sister(s) did not have a teenage pregnancy.
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Title of the text: Teen Pregnancy Issues and Challenges Author/s:
Title of Journal/Publication: American Pregnancy Association
URL/Web Address: https://americanpregnancy.org/unplanned-pregnancy/teen-pregnancy-issues-challenges/
Main Idea: No matter how young or old you are,relationships are always extremely important,and most people find it necessary to stay active socially.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️ Teen,in general,have a higher risk of pattern birth,which often goes along with low birth weight.Teens may also be in danger of not receiving the right amount of nutrients (such as in prenatal vitamins) during pregnancy.Regular prenatal visits,pursuing a healthy lifestyle.For more information you can visit the Healthy Teen Pregnancy.
✔️ If you are looking for information on finding out if you're actually pregnant prevention,visit the Pregnant Teen article.
Title of the text: Teen Pregnancy Issues and Challenges Author/s:
Title of Journal/Publication: American Pregnancy Association
URL/Web Address: https://americanpregnancy.org/unplanned-pregnancy/teen-pregnancy-issues-challenges/
Main Idea: No matter how young or old you are,relationships are always extremely important,and most people find it necessary to stay active socially.
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Title of the text: Adolescent Pregnancy and Its Outcomes Across Countries
Author/s: Santelli JS ,Sharma V and Viner RTitle of Publication/Journal: Guttmacher Institute
URL/Web Address:
https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/adolescent-pregnancy-and-its-outcomes-across-countries
Main Idea: Teen pregnancies are associated with poor social and economic conditions and prospects for women, potentially compromising their educational and economic opportunities, or they might be a marker of the environments in which young women live.Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️ Among 35 developed countries for which adolescent pregnancy rates could be calculated, Romania has the highest rate (61 per 1,000 women aged 15–19 in 2011). Abortion data for Romania are incomplete; therefore, the true pregnancy rate (calculated based on births, abortions and miscarriages) in this country may be even higher than estimated.
✔️ The adolescent pregnancy rate in the United States has declined considerably (by 51%), from a peak of 117 per 1,000 women aged 15–19 in 1990 to a 30-year low of 57 in 2010. However, the United States has one of the highest known rates of adolescent pregnancy and births in developed regions.
Author/s: Santelli JS ,Sharma V and Viner RTitle of Publication/Journal: Guttmacher Institute
https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/adolescent-pregnancy-and-its-outcomes-across-countries
Main Idea: Teen pregnancies are associated with poor social and economic conditions and prospects for women, potentially compromising their educational and economic opportunities, or they might be a marker of the environments in which young women live.Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️ The adolescent pregnancy rate in the United States has declined considerably (by 51%), from a peak of 117 per 1,000 women aged 15–19 in 1990 to a 30-year low of 57 in 2010. However, the United States has one of the highest known rates of adolescent pregnancy and births in developed regions.
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Title of the text: Teenage pregnancy: the impact of maternal adolescent childbearing and older sister’s teenage pregnancy on a younger sisterAuthor/s: Elizabeth Wall-Wieler, Leslie L. Roos, and Nathan C. NickelTitle of the Journal/Publication: PMCURL/Web Address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880827/
Main idea: Risk factors for teenage pregnancy are linked to many factors, including a family history of teenage pregnancy.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️The original cohort consisted of 17,115 women born in Manitoba between April 1, 1979 and March 31, 1994, who stayed in the province until at least their 20th birthday, had at least one older sister, and had no missing values on key variables.
✔️The adjusted odds of becoming pregnant between ages 14 and 19 for teens with at least one older sister having a teenage pregnancy were 3.38 (99 % CI 2.77–4.13) times higher than for women whose older sister(s) did not have a teenage pregnancy.
Title of the text: Teenage pregnancy: the impact of maternal adolescent childbearing and older sister’s teenage pregnancy on a younger sisterAuthor/s: Elizabeth Wall-Wieler, Leslie L. Roos, and Nathan C. NickelTitle of the Journal/Publication: PMCURL/Web Address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880827/
Main idea: Risk factors for teenage pregnancy are linked to many factors, including a family history of teenage pregnancy.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️The adjusted odds of becoming pregnant between ages 14 and 19 for teens with at least one older sister having a teenage pregnancy were 3.38 (99 % CI 2.77–4.13) times higher than for women whose older sister(s) did not have a teenage pregnancy.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy: A Socially Inflicted Health Hazard
Author/s: Bratati Banerjee, GK Pandey, [...], and Sila Deb
Title of the Journal/Publication: PMC
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800903/
Main idea: Early marriage and confinement are contributing factors to high maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️A hospital-based cohort study was undertaken over 4 months among women admitted to a rural hospital in West Bengal. The study cohort comprised of teenage mothers between 15-19 years old and a control cohort of mothers between 20-24 years old.
✔️Teenage pregnancy comprised 24.17% of total pregnancies occurring in the hospital during the study period. The study group had 58 subjects and the control group had 91 subjects.
Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy: A Socially Inflicted Health Hazard
Author/s: Bratati Banerjee, GK Pandey, [...], and Sila Deb
Title of the Journal/Publication: PMC
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800903/
Main idea: Early marriage and confinement are contributing factors to high maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.
Evidence that supports main idea (at least two):️
✔️Teenage pregnancy comprised 24.17% of total pregnancies occurring in the hospital during the study period. The study group had 58 subjects and the control group had 91 subjects.
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Title of the text: Teen pregnancy: Growing problem in Thailand
Author/s: Jon Fernquest
Title of the Journal/Publication: Bangkok Post
Main Idea: Births in Thailand falling but teen births rising fast (43% in last 10 years). Govt looking to follow successful UK teen birth reduction program.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️Under Thai law the penalty for performing illegal abortions is up to five years in prison or a fine of up to 10,000 baht. Despite this, illegal clinics and back street abortions abound.
✔️In fact, even though the overall birthrate is dropping, teen births are on the rise. Out of every 1,000 live births, 54 are from teen mothers aged 15-19 - higher than in the United States and 10 times higher than Singapore's teen pregnancy rate.
What's more, it's rising fast. The number of live births by Thai teenage mothers aged 15-18 increased 43% between 2000 and 2011, an annual public health report shows.
Title of the text: Teen pregnancy: Growing problem in Thailand
Main Idea: Births in Thailand falling but teen births rising fast (43% in last 10 years). Govt looking to follow successful UK teen birth reduction program.
✔️Under Thai law the penalty for performing illegal abortions is up to five years in prison or a fine of up to 10,000 baht. Despite this, illegal clinics and back street abortions abound.
What's more, it's rising fast. The number of live births by Thai teenage mothers aged 15-18 increased 43% between 2000 and 2011, an annual public health report shows.
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Title of the text: Teen pregnancy: Mothers too young: Inequality fuels adolescent pregnancies in Thailand
Author/s:
Title of the Journal/Publication: United Nations Population Fund
Main Idea: Experts say there is a clear link between teen pregnancy and inequality.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️These teens are more likely to lack access to quality education and information, she explained.
✔️She was academically gifted, but her home life was difficult. Her father had been absent for years, and her mother lived elsewhere as a domestic worker.
Title of the text: Teen pregnancy: Mothers too young: Inequality fuels adolescent pregnancies in Thailand
✔️These teens are more likely to lack access to quality education and information, she explained.
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Title of the text: Trends in repeated pregnancy among adolescents in the philippines from 1993 to 2013
Author/s: Joemer C. Maravilla, Kim S. Betts, and Rosa Alati
Title of the Journal/Publication: PMC
URL/Web Address: Www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Main idea: The adolescent pregnancy epidemic in the philippines has been acknowledged as one of the worst in the western pacific region.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️Among women aged 15-24 years with at least one pregnancy (n=7091), a large portion (53.3%) 4 found among the 22-24 year olds. despite the small proportion of adolescents captured by the surveys, the proportion of 15-18 year olds reported in the survey has increased over time from 7.64% (n=107) in 1993 to 15.55% (n=213) in 2013.
✔️The Repeated Pregnancy (RP) trend among 15-18 year olds remained virtually unchanged across all service from 1993 to 2013.
Author/s: Joemer C. Maravilla, Kim S. Betts, and Rosa Alati
Title of the Journal/Publication: PMC
URL/Web Address: Www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Main idea: The adolescent pregnancy epidemic in the philippines has been acknowledged as one of the worst in the western pacific region.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
Text: 22
Title of the text: Teenage pregnancy in the Philippines: trends, correlates and data sources
Author/s: Josefina N. Natividad
Title of the Journal/Publication: JAFES(journal of the ASEAN federation of endocrine societies)
URL/Web Address: Asean-endocrinejournal.Org
Main idea: Teenage pregnancy carries other significant non health and health risk which are specific to the stage in life course (teenage).
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️ Many studies consistently show that teenage mothers are at increased risk of pre-term delivery and low birth weight.
✔️ If the teenager remains unmarried following a pregnancy, she risks social stigma from having an out-of-wedlock pregnancy and of having to bear its negative consequences.
Title of the text: Teenage pregnancy in the Philippines: trends, correlates and data sources Author/s: Josefina N. Natividad Title of the Journal/Publication: JAFES(journal of the ASEAN federation of endocrine societies) URL/Web Address: Asean-endocrinejournal.Org Main idea: Teenage pregnancy carries other significant non health and health risk which are specific to the stage in life course (teenage). Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️ Many studies consistently show that teenage mothers are at increased risk of pre-term delivery and low birth weight.
✔️ If the teenager remains unmarried following a pregnancy, she risks social stigma from having an out-of-wedlock pregnancy and of having to bear its negative consequences.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy
Author: Elea Carey and Jill Seladi Schul man
Title of the journal: Healthline
URL/Web Address: https://www.healthline.com/health/adolescent-pregnancy
Main idea: Teenage pregnancy is pregnancy in a woman 19 years of age or younger. A woman can get pregnant if she has vaginal sex with a man at any age after she’s begun having regular monthly periods.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️While the number of teenage pregnancies in the United States has been in decline, it still remains higher than in other industrialized countries.
✔️ According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, in 2017, around 194,000 babies were born to American girls between the ages of 15 to 19.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy
Author(source): Family planning NSW, Raising children network and womens and children health network
Title of the journal: pregnancy birth and baby
URL/Web Address: http://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/teenage-pregnancy
Main idea: Being a teenager and finding out you are pregnant, especially if the pregnancy is unexpected and not wanted, can put enormous stress on a young woman and her family. However, once the pregnancy is confirmed, the important thing is to support the young woman and to help her to make the wisest choice for her at this time.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️ Finding out you are pregnant can bring up many different emotions. Every woman will feel different. Some women feel confused and scared, whereas others may feel happy and excited. All these feelings are normal and okay. Your feelings will probably also change while you are thinking about your options.
✔️Parents, too, will have their own feelings and wishes, but it is the young woman’s life and things usually work out best if parents offer information and support but do not try to force her to follow their wishes.
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Title of the text:Statement on Teenage Pregnancy
Authors:Michael I. Cohen, Frank E. Dudenhoeffer,Andrew Guthrie Jr., Sherrell L. Hammar,Felix P. Heald, Adele D. Hofmann, Renee R. Jenkins, William A. Long Jr., Hilary E. C. Millar, Jerome T. Y. Shen, Martin P. Wasserman, Martin G. Wolfis
URL/ Web Address: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/63/5/795..info
Main idea: This article shows that in this generation many of teenager is pregnant. Early at the age of 19 they already engaged in sexual activity.Some of the teenager can't graduate because of early pregnancy
Evidence that supports the main idea:
✔️ However, more than 50% of 19-year-old girls have engaged in sexual activity, and their fertility rate is comparable to women in their 20s.
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Title of the text: Title of the text: Life Brought at a Tender Age: The Lived Experiences of Filipino Teenage Pregnant Women
Author/s: Cristopher R. Parungao | Lowell P. Bautista | Roslyn Mariano | Vilma M. Bonifacio
Title of the journal:Home⇛Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research⇛vol. 2 no. 1 (2014)
URL/ Web Address: https://ejournals.ph/article.php?id=5747
Main idea: The impact of teenage pregnancy affects the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well being of the adolescents. Teen pregnancies carry extra health risks to both the mother and the baby. Being teenage mother the risk that they face is not fully educated,they are not graduate,it's hard for them to find work because not being graduate
Evidence that supports the main idea:
✔️This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of the teenage pregnant women.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy
Author/s: US National Library of Medicine
Title of Journal Publication: Medline Plus: Trusted Health Information for you
URL: https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fmedlineplus.gov%2Fteenagepregnancy.html%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR06vgCoo3r5W9e4RepBVMAhWzkyQ7z0356hAAcWXXnR7gn4_z3UHXCFwmU&h=AT0_41CmQxi_s9PjY7REeYqX3cZ-oo2fyX82e_qylGOT_KozfMz979sQqBLT6Fv7wslN5RDhLX9l30KeMeQHAPK1Q185RqFHxMdImMQV4VcXrcTc6FUaDlBLPLQO92cHhFxa
Main Idea:Most teenage girls don't plan to get pregnant, but many do. Teen pregnancies carry extra health risks to both the mother and the baby. Often, teens don't get prenatal care soon enough, which can lead to problems later on. They have a higher risk for pregnancy-related high blood pressure and its complications. Risks for the baby include premature birth and a low birth weight.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️Less than 40% of teenage girls who have a child before age 18 earn a high school diploma by age 22. Nearly 2/3 of teenage mothers receive public assistance, and their chances of living in poverty increase as they enter adulthood. Most teen moms receive no child support from their child's father.
✔️The challenges of teen parenting may last through generations. Children of teen mothers are more likely to perform poorly in school, repeat a grade, or drop out. The daughters of teen mothers are more likely to repeat the cycle and become teen mothers themselves.
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Title of the text: Factors influencing repeated teenage pregnancy: a review and meta-analysis
Author: Joemer C. Maravilla, RNa,∗,correspondenceEmail the author RN Joemer C. Maravilla, Kim S. Betts, PhDa, Camila Couto e Cruza, Rosa Alati, PhDa,b
Title of Journal Publication: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AJOG)
URL: https://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(17)30522-7/abstract
Main idea:Twenty-six eligible epidemiologic studies, most from the United States (n=24), showed >47 factors with no evidence of publication bias for each metaanalysis. Use of contraception (pooled odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.35–1.02), particularly long-acting reversible contraceptives (pooled odds ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.08–0.45), considerably reduced repeated teenage pregnancy risk.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️Eligibility criteria included (1) epidemiologic studies that analyzed factors associated with repeated pregnancy or birth among adolescents <20 years of age who were nulliparous or experienced at least 1 pregnancy, and (2) experimental studies with an observational component that was adjusted for the intervention.
✔️We performed narrative synthesis of study characteristics, participant characteristics, study results, and quality assessment. We also conducted random-effects and quality-effects metaanalyses with meta-regression to obtain pooled odds ratios of identified factors and to determine sources of between-study heterogeneity.
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Title of the text: Teenage Pregnancy Prevention
Author/s:
Title of Journal/Publication: National Conference of State Legislatures
URL/ Web Adress:http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/teen-pregnancy-prevention/fbclid/iwar1mwtf8ycuq_gqwu0d4n0go2hp4xifbocj2-_hfnoujpr8ozcgvnpbpi1i.aspx
MAIN IDEA: Adolescent pregnancy and parenthood are associated with social, health and financial costs to teen parents, families and states.
Teenage mothers are also more likely to live in poverty and depend on public assistance.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️Children born to teen parents are more likely to have lower school achievement, enter the child welfare and correctional systems, drop out of high school and become teen parents themselves, compared to children born to older parents.
✔️A teen birth can disrupt young people’s educational and career goals, affecting earning potential and future family finances.
✔️Significant disparities in teen birth rates persist across racial and ethnic groups, geographic regions, rural and urban areas, and age groups.
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Title of the Text: Teen Pregnancy in the Philippines: Rising and Alarming
Author/s:
Title of Journal/Publication: PhilRights
URL/Web Address:http://philrights.org/teen-pregnancy-in-ph-rising-and-alarming/?fbclid=IwAR11XrdDst7S4VoYXD_6uMiEYglL0biG8PvY5GNeCSutinJ26U-S50l_6k0
MAIN IDEA: Teenage pregnancy occurs because of the misunderstanding and lack of knowledge of teenagers about sexuality and sex.
Evidence that supports the main idea(at least two):
✔️The Philippines may not have the highest incidence of teenage pregnancy in Southeast Asia but the country has the highest rate of increase.
✔️Incidence is not only rising; those getting pregnant are also getting younger. Births accounted to those under 15 years old doubled in a decade.
✔️What complicates the already complicated situation even more is the lack of adolescent sexual and reproductive health education. This lack of knowledge compounds the tendency for risky sexual behavior among the youth.The teen pregnancy situation in the country paints a picture that negates the best interest of the youth, especially young girls. The lack and, most of the time, absence of education that could reduce risky behavior is not in their best interest.
Teenage Pregnancy became a dilemma not just on the Philippine society, but also to theworldwide community. (Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, ispregnancy in a female under the age of 20.) As years passed by, the number ofthe incidents increases and the case are getting worse. The age of theadolescents who experience this pregnancy gets younger and younger, and somecases of pregnancy happens to those who are victimize by rape.
Being involved in teenage pregnancy leads to many other problem. It may affect spiritual,emotional, physical, and mental of a female at the young age, which is under 20 years old. It is a serious problem that we need to take action to prevent the cause of being pregnant.
We learned that not just the country of the Philippines have the highest rate of teenage pregnancy but also the country of India and Yogyakarta, Indoesia. In India, runs to 11.8 million teenage pregnancy while in Yogyakarta, Indonesia has remained high reaching 1,078 in the year of 2016. The reason for this is not having proper awareness of what will happen after being involve in a premarital sex. People would just be aware if the girl already know that she is pregnant. The effect of this is they took early marriage as the solution for the unwanted pregnancy, but in some cases, those young boy who gets them pregnant runs away from the responsibility and the girl will just be the one to face the consequences of what they did and take all the responsibility. Sadly, the female needs to stop going to their school for the health of their baby. For us, the solution of this issue is to get access to proper education on sexual and reproductive health to give the young people the awareness to these kind of issues. If we promote this kind education it can give knowledge to the teens of what may happen to and how it can affect them so that they would not engage theirselves in premarital sex or if they can not avoid it,atleast for them to know how would they do it safely. It also involves family planning which means reducing rates of unintended pregnancy and reduces the need of unsafe abortion.
It is not just having a proper education in this field could be the solution but also for the parents to be able to discuss with their children and make them understand of what will be the effect so that they can avoid this teenage pregnancy.
As a teenager, we don't want to get involve in teenage pregnacy because we have many goals want to achieve. We have many things to do and one of these is to make my parents proud. Teenage pregnancy may destroy our goals and dreams in life. There is always a right time for everything, especially pregnancy. And we can say that now,the adolescent stage, is not the right time. We need to use our mind and do what's the best for us and for our future.
Teenage pregnancy is no joke. Every parents must take good care of their children especially those who are in the adolescent stage for they have the higher risk of doing new and reckless things. Social relationship is also important, make sure they are in a good set of friends for them to be safe and to avoid being under peer pressure that may lead them to do things that can affect them badly.For us, the teenagers,we must know our limitation to avoid teenage pregnancy.
Being involved in teenage pregnancy leads to many other problem. It may affect spiritual,emotional, physical, and mental of a female at the young age, which is under 20 years old. It is a serious problem that we need to take action to prevent the cause of being pregnant.
We learned that not just the country of the Philippines have the highest rate of teenage pregnancy but also the country of India and Yogyakarta, Indoesia. In India, runs to 11.8 million teenage pregnancy while in Yogyakarta, Indonesia has remained high reaching 1,078 in the year of 2016. The reason for this is not having proper awareness of what will happen after being involve in a premarital sex. People would just be aware if the girl already know that she is pregnant. The effect of this is they took early marriage as the solution for the unwanted pregnancy, but in some cases, those young boy who gets them pregnant runs away from the responsibility and the girl will just be the one to face the consequences of what they did and take all the responsibility. Sadly, the female needs to stop going to their school for the health of their baby. For us, the solution of this issue is to get access to proper education on sexual and reproductive health to give the young people the awareness to these kind of issues. If we promote this kind education it can give knowledge to the teens of what may happen to and how it can affect them so that they would not engage theirselves in premarital sex or if they can not avoid it,atleast for them to know how would they do it safely. It also involves family planning which means reducing rates of unintended pregnancy and reduces the need of unsafe abortion.
